Biotechnology Engineering Interview Questions and Answers
Question - 71 : - What is Genetic engineering?
Answer - 71 : - Genetic engineering is the technique mainly used to change or to modify the genetic material (DNA/RNA), and to introduce them into other organisms.
Question - 72 : - What are the Principles of Biotechnology?
Answer - 72 : -
The modern biotechnology started with two crucial technologies:
- Genetic engineering
- Chemical engineering.
Answer - 73 : -
Biotechnology extends its applications over a broad spectrum in the fields of agriculture and development of food crops.
In the agriculture field, it helps in improving food quality, quantity, and processing. Bio-fertilizers and Bio-pesticides are eco-friendly sources for agriculture, which contains the living microorganisms that help in promoting growth by increasing the supply or availability of primary nutrients. Farmers choose biotech crops to increase the yield and in lower production costs.
Question - 74 : - What are the different types of biotechnology?
Answer - 74 : -
The scope of Biotechnology has driven a need to classify Biotech based on some common features or their final purpose.
Below are some of the main areas of Biotechnology :
- Medical Biotechnology.
- Agricultural Biotechnology.
- Industrial Biotechnology.
- Plant Biotechnology.
- Animals Biotechnology.
- Environmental Biotechnology.
- Marine Biotechnology.
- Bio-process engineers.
- Biopharma.
- Food Biotechnology.
Answer - 75 : - If the restriction enzymes do not cut the DNA at the specific sites, the DNA fragment obtained will have no sticky ends, and hence, the construction of recombinant DNA would be difficult.
Question - 76 : - How is a DNA viewed on an agarose gel?
Answer - 76 : - The DNA is stained with ethidium bromide which intercalates with the DNA strands and gives orange bands on exposure to ultra-violet light. Thus, one can view the DNA on an agarose gel.
Question - 77 : - What would happen if a plasmid without a selectable marker was chosen as a cloning vector?
Answer - 77 : - A selectable marker helps to distinguish transformed cells from the non-transformed ones. If the cloning vector does not have a selectable, marker, it would be difficult to select the transformants.
Question - 78 : - How are competent cells prepared by the action of CaCl2?
Answer - 78 : - The divalent calcium ions create pores in the cell wall of the bacteria and facilitate the uptake of foreign DNA by the bacterial cell.