Biotechnology Engineering Interview Questions and Answers
Question - 31 : - What Are The Steps In Bacterial Infection?
Answer - 31 : -
There are four steps in bacterial infection. They are:
- Attachment to host
- Proliferation
- Invasion of host tissue
- Toxin-induced damage to host cell
Answer - 32 : -
The disease caused by rotavirus is infantile diarrhea.
Question - 33 : - What Is The Disease Caused By Sabia Virus?
Answer - 33 : -
Brazilian haemorrhagic
Question - 34 : - What Is The Disease Caused By Ebola Virus?
Answer - 34 : -
Ebola haemorrhagic fever
Question - 35 : - What Is The Disease Caused By Hepatitis C?
Answer - 35 : -
Non-A, Non-B hepatitis are commonly transmitted via transfusion.
Question - 36 : - What Is Atopy?
Answer - 36 : -
The tendency to manifest localized anaphylactic reactions is called atopy.
Question - 37 : - What Would An Inhalation, Ingestion Exposure As Well As To The Eyes Of Butane, Diethylene Glycol Monobutyl Ether, Monoethanolamine (mea), & Sodium Hydroxide Do To The Human Body?
Answer - 37 : -
Sodium hydroxide is a very caustic substance – severe burns on skin contact, can cause severe eye irritation and burning – can severely damage surface of eye causing blindness (permanent), severe burring on ingestion and inhalation.
Butane is a gas – it is very toxic if inhaled – acts like an anesthetic – can stop person breathing very quickly.
Diethyleneglycol monobutyl ether is less acutely toxic but does have long-term toxicity on various organs.
Question - 38 : - What Are Low Affinity Receptors?
Answer - 38 : -
Low affinity receptors play role in regulating he intensity of IgE response.
Question - 39 : - What is DNA?
Answer - 39 : -
In most living organisms, DNA is the genetic material except for some viruses such as the AIDS and the Tobacco mosaic virus where RNA is the genetic material. DNA and RNA belong to a category of macromolecules known as nucleic acids. The structure of DNA was proposed by Watson and Crick in the year 1953.
A DNA molecule is a long chain polymer composed of monomeric units called nucleotides. Therefore, a DNA molecule is made of a polynucleotide chain. Each nucleotide is made of a deoxyribose sugar molecule, a phosphoric acid group and nitrogen bases.
Question - 40 : - What are the important features of DNA revealed by Franklin and Wilkins?
Answer - 40 : -
The important features of DNA revealed by Franklin and Wilkins are as follows:
a. It has a helical structure similar to a spiral staircase.
b. The molecule has a diameter of 20 Å.
c. The distance between successive nucleotides is 3.4 Å.
d. The distance between successive turns of the helix is 34 Å, i.e. there are 10 nucleotides in every turn of the helix.
Later in the year 1950, Erwin Chargaff formulated important generalisation on the ratio of the different bases found in DNA.
These generalisations are referred to as Chargaff’s rules, which are as follows:
a. In a given DNA, the purines and pyrimidines are always in equal amounts, i.e. adenine (A) + guanine (G) = thymine (T) + cytosine (C).
b. The amount of adenine is always equal to that of thymine, and the amount of guanine is always equal to that of cytosine.
c. The sugar, deoxyribose, and phosphate occur in equimolar proportions
d. The ratio of A + T / C + G is constant for a species, which can be used to identify the source of DNA.
With these two lines of evidences explained above, Watson and Crick proposed the double helical structure of DNA and they were awarded the Nobel Prize for this discovery in the year 1962. They shared the award with Maurice Wilkins. The double helical structure could explain the two main functions of DNA, i.e. the autocatalytic and the hetero catalytic functions very convincingly.