Electronics and Communication Engineering Interview Questions and Answers
Question - 31 : - What is an Integrated Circuit?
Answer - 31 : - An integrated circuit (IC), also called a microchip, is an electronic circuit etched onto a silicon chip. Their main advantages are low cost, low power, high performance, and very small size.
Question - 32 : - What is crosstalk?
Answer - 32 : - Crosstalk is a form of interference caused by signals in nearby conductors. The most common example is hearing an unwanted conversation on the telephone. Crosstalk can also occur in radios, televisions, networking equipment, and even electric guitars.
Question - 33 : - What is a rectifier?
Answer - 33 : -
A rectifier changes alternating current into direct current. This process is called rectification. The three main types of rectifier are the halfwave, fullwave, and bridge. A rectifier is the opposite of an inverter, which changes direct current into alternating current. HWR The simplest type is the halfwave rectifier, which can be made with just one diode. When the voltage of the alternating current is positive, the diode becomes forward biased and current flows through it. When the voltage is negative, the diode is reverse biased and the current stops. The result is a clipped copy of the alternating current waveform with only positive voltage, and an average voltage that is one third of the peakinput voltage. This pulsating direct current is adequate for some components, but others require a more steady current. This requires a fullwaverectifier that can convert both parts of the cycle to positive voltage.
FWR The full wave rectifier is essentially two halfwave rectifiers, and can be made with two diodes and an earthed centre tap on the trans former. The positive voltage half of the cycle flows through one diode, and the negative half flows through the other. The centre tap allows the circuit to be completed because current cannot flow through the other diode. The result is still a pulsating direct current but with just over half the input peak voltage, and double the frequency.
Question - 34 : - What is resistor?
Answer - 34 : - A resistor is a two terminal electronic component that opposes an electric current by producing a voltage drop between its terminals in proportion to the current, that is, in accordance with Ohm’s law: V= IR.
Question - 35 : - What is capacitor?
Answer - 35 : - A capacitor is an electrical/electronic device that can store energy in the electric field between a pair of conductors (called “plates”). The process of storing energy in the capacitor is known as “charging”, and involves electric charges of equal magnitude, but opposite polarity, building up on each plate.
Capacitors are often used in electric and electronic circuits as energy storage devices. They can also be used to differentiate between high frequency and low frequency signals. This property makes them useful in electronic filters. Capacitors are occasionally referred to as condensers. This term is considered archaic in English, but most other languages use a cognate of condenser to refer to a capacitor.
Question - 36 : - What is inductor?
Answer - 36 : - An inductor is a passive electrical device employed in electrical circuits for its property of inductance. An inductor can take many forms.
Question - 37 : - What is conductor?
Answer - 37 : - A substance, body, or device that readily conducts heat, electricity, sound, etc. Copper is a good conductor of electricity.
Question - 38 : - What is a semi conductor?
Answer - 38 : - A semiconductor is a solid material that has electrical conductivityin between that of a conductor and that of an insulator(An Insulator is amaterial that resists the flow of electric current. It is an object intended to support or separate electrical conductors without passing current through itself); it can vary over that wide range either permanently or dynamically.
Question - 39 : - What is diode?
Answer - 39 : - In electronics, a diode is a two terminal device. Diodes have two active electrodes between which the signal of interest may flow, and most are used for their unidirectional current property.
Question - 40 : - What is transistor?
Answer - 40 : -
In electronics, a transistor is a semiconductor device commonly used to amplify or switch electronic signals. The transistor is the fundamentalbuilding block of computers, and all other modernelectronic devices. Some transistors are packaged individually but most are found in integratedcircuits.