Manual Testing Interview Questions and Answers
Question - 41 : - What is SDLC?
Answer - 41 : - SDLC stands for Software Development Life Cycle. It refers to all the activities performed during software development – requirement gathering, requirement analysis, designing, coding or implementation, testing, deployment, and maintenance.
Question - 42 : - Explain the STLC – Software Testing life cycle.
Answer - 42 : -
The software testing life cycle refers to all the activities performed during testing of a software product. The phases include-
- Requirement analysis and validation – In this phase, the requirements documents are analyzed and validated and the scope of testing is defined.
- Test planning – In this phase, test plan strategy is defined, estimation of test effort is defined along with automation strategy, and tool selection is done.
- Test Design and Analysis – Here, test cases are designed, test data is prepared and automation scripts are implemented.
- Test environment setup – A test environment closely simulating the real-world environment is prepared.
- Test execution – The test cases are prepared, bugs are reported and retested once resolved.
- Test closure and reporting – A test closure report is prepared to have the final test results summary, learning, and test metrics.
Question - 43 : - What are the different types of testing?
Answer - 43 : -
Testing can broadly be defined into two types-
Functional testing – Functional testing involves validating the functional specifications of the system.
Non Functional testing – Non-functional testing is a type of testing that involves testing of non-functional requirements of the system such as performance, scalability, security, endurance, portability, etc.
Going by the way the testing is done, it can be categorized as-
Black box testing – In black-box testing, the tester need not have any knowledge of the internal architecture or implementation of the system. The tester interacts with the system through the interface providing input and validating the received output.
White box testing – In white box testing, the tester analyses the internal architecture of the system as well as the quality of source code on different parameters like code optimization, code coverage, reusability, etc.
Gray box testing – In gray box testing, the tester has partial access to the internal architecture of the system e.g. the tester may have access to the design documents or database structure. This information helps the tester to test the application better.
Question - 44 : - What is manual testing?
Answer - 44 : - Manual testing a type of testing that involves validation of the requirements of the application by executing a predefined set of test cases manually without the use of any automation tool.
Question - 45 : - What is automation testing?
Answer - 45 : - Automation testing is a type of software testing that involves automated test case execution using an automation tool. It helps in reducing the test execution time as the test scripts written once, can be run automatically any number of times without any human intervention.
Question - 46 : - What are some advantages of automation testing?
Answer - 46 : -
Some advantages of automation testing are-
- Test execution using automation is fast and saves a considerable amount of time.
- Carefully written test scripts remove the chance of human error during testing.
- Tests execution can be scheduled for a nightly run using CI tools like Jenkins which can also be configured to provide daily test results to relevant stakeholders.
- Automation testing is very less resource-intensive. Once the tests are automated, test execution requires almost no time of QAs. Saving QA bandwidth for other exploratory tasks.
Answer - 47 : -
Some disadvantages of automation testing are-
- It requires skilled automation testing experts to write test scripts.
- Additional effort to write scripts is required upfront.
- Automation scripts are limited to verification of the tests that are coded. These tests may miss some error that is very glaring and easily identifiable to human(manual QA).
- Even with some minor change in the application, script update and maintenance is required.
Answer - 48 : - Performance testing is a type of non-functional testing in which the performance of the system is evaluated under expected or higher load. The various performance parameters evaluated during performance testing are – response time, reliability, resource usage, scalability, etc. The different types of performance testing are – Load, Stress, Endurance, Spike, and Volume Testing.
Question - 49 : - What is a test bed?
Answer - 49 : - A test bed is a test environment used for testing an application. A test bed configuration can consist of the hardware and software requirement of the application under test including – operating system, hardware configurations, software configurations, tomcat, database, etc.
Question - 50 : - What is a test plan?
Answer - 50 : - A test plan is a formal document describing the scope of testing, the approach to be used, resources required and time estimate of carrying out the testing process. It is derived from the requirement documents (Software Requirement Specifications).