IOT Interview Questions and Answers
Question - 1 : - What is the Internet Of Things (IoT)?
Answer - 1 : -
Internet of Things (IoT) is a network of physical objects or people called “things” that are embedded with software, electronics, network, and sensors that allow these objects to collect and exchange data. The goal of IoT is to extend to internet connectivity from standard devices like computer, mobile, tablet to relatively dumb devices like a toaster.
Question - 2 : - Explain Raspberry Pi
Answer - 2 : -
Raspberry Pi is a computer which is capable of doing all the operations like a conventional computer. It has other features such as onboard WiFi, GPIO pins, and Bluetooth in order to communicate with external things.
Question - 3 : - How to run Raspberry pi in headless mode?
Answer - 3 : -
Raspberry pi in headless mode can be run by using SSH. The latest operating system has an inbuilt VNC server that is installed for taking remote desktop on Raspberry Pi.
Question - 4 : - What are the fundamental components of IoT?
Answer - 4 : -
The four fundamental components of an IoT system are:
Sensors/Devices: Sensors or devices are a key component that helps you to collect live data from the surrounding environment. All this data may have various levels of complexities. It could be a simple temperature monitoring sensor, or it may be in the form of the video feed.
Connectivity: All the collected data is sent to a cloud infrastructure. The sensors should be connected to the cloud using various mediums of communications. These communication mediums include mobile or satellite networks, Bluetooth, WI-FI, WAN, etc.
Data Processing: Once that data is collected, and it gets to the cloud, the software product performs processing on the gathered data. This process can be just checking the temperature, reading on devices like AC or heaters. However, it can sometimes also be very complex, like identifying objects, using computer vision on video.
User Interface: The information needs to be available to the end-user in some way, which can be achieved by triggering alarms on their phones or sending them notification through email or text message. The user sometimes might need an interface which actively checks their IoT system.
Question - 5 : - List layers of IoT protocol stack
Answer - 5 : -
Layers of IoT protocol stack are: 1) Sensing and information, 2) Network connectivity, 3) Information processing layer, 4) Application layer.
Question - 6 : - What are the disadvantages of IoT?
Answer - 6 : -
The disadvantages of IoT are:
- Security: IoT technology creates an ecosystem of connected devices. However, during this process, the system may offer little authentication control despite sufficient cybersecurity measures.
- Privacy: The use of IoT, exposes a substantial amount of personal data, in extreme detail, without the user’s active participation. This creates lots of privacy issues.
- Flexibility: There is a huge concern regarding the flexibility of an IoT system. It is mainly regarding integrating with another system as there are many diverse systems involved in the process.
- Complexity: The design of the IoT system is also quite complicated. Moreover, it’s deployment and maintenance also not very easy.
- Compliance: IoT has its own set of rules and regulations. However, because of its complexity, the task of compliance is quite challenging.
Question - 7 : - Define Arduino
Answer - 7 : -
Arduino is a free electronics platform having easy to use hardware and software. It has a microcontroller capable of reading input from sensors to control the motors programmatically.
Question - 8 : - List mostly used sensors types in IoT
Answer - 8 : -
Mostly used sensor types in IoT are:
- Smoke sensor
- Temperature sensors
- Pressure sensor
- Motion detection sensors
- Gas sensor
- Proximity sensor
- IR sensors
Question - 9 : - Mention the basic difference between IoT and sensor businesses?
Answer - 9 : -
A sensor business does not need an active internet connection to work. Internet of Things requires a control side to work.
Question - 10 : - What are the advantages of IoT?
Answer - 10 : -
Key benefits of IoT technology are as follows:
- Technical Optimization: IoT technology helps a lot in improving techniques and making them better. For example, with IoT, a manufacturer is able to collect data from various car sensors. The manufacturer analyses them to improve its design and make them more efficient.
- Improved Data Collection: Traditional data collection has its limitations and its design for passive use. IoT facilitates immediate action on data.
- Reduced Waste: IoT offers real-time information leading to effective decision making & management of resources. For example, if a manufacturer finds an issue in multiple car engines, he can track the manufacturing plan of those engines and solves this issue with the manufacturing belt.
- Improved Customer Engagement: IoT allows you to improve customer experience by detecting problems and improving the process.