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Struts Interview Questions and Answers

Question - Can you compare the advantages and disadvantages of JSF vs. Struts. Both now, and from what you may know of futures, how and if JSF will evolve into a superior technology vs. Struts? Include how WSAD plays into the comparison if it will help differentiate the two.

Answer - This is a very popular question these days. In general, JSF is still fairly new and will take time to fully mature. However, I see JSF being able to accomplish everything Struts can, plus more. Struts evolved out of necessity. It was created by developers who were tired of coding the same logic again and again. JSF emerged both from necessity and competition. Struts has several benefits: * Struts is a mature and proven framework. It has been around for a few years and deployed successfully on many projects. The WebSphere Application Server admin console is a Struts application. * Struts uses the Front Controller and Command patterns and can handle sophisticated controller logic. * In addition to the core controller function, it has many add-on benefits such as layouts with Tiles, declarative exception handling, and internationalization. There are disadvantages: * Struts is very JSP-centric and takes other frameworks to adapt to other view technologies. * Although Struts has a rich tag library, it is still geared towards helping the controller aspect of development and does not give a sense that you are dealing with components on a page. Therefore, it is not as toolable from a view perspective. * Struts requires knowledge of Java™. Its goal was to aid Java developers, but not to hide Java. It does not hide details of the Java language to Web developers that well. * ActionForms are linked programmatically to the Struts framework. Therefore, to decouple the model, you need to write transfer code or use utilities to move data from Action Forms to the Model on input. JSF is an evolution of a few frameworks, including Struts. The creator of Struts, Craig McClanahan, is one of the JSF specification leads. Therefore, it is not by accident to see some overlap between Struts and JSF. However, one of JSF's major goals is to help J2EE Web applications to be easily developed using RAD tools. As such, it introduces a rich component model. JSF has several advantages: * JSF is a specification from Sun® and will be included in future versions of the J2EE specification. All major vendors are pledging strong support for JSF. * JSF uses the Page Controller Pattern and therefore aids in Page rich applications. Components can respond to event from components on a page. * JSF

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